Translation glossary

NAHPU documentation is translated into Brazilian Portuguese, Spanish, and Indonesian with AI assistance and reviewed by people. This page is the shared reference for how NAHPU and natural history terms are rendered in each language, so the same concept does not appear under three different names.

Rules

On-screen names stay in English

The NAHPU interface is English-only. When a sentence names a control the reader must find on screen — a button, a field label, a menu entry, a card title — write it in English inside backticks and translate the prose around it:

en  Select `Add taxon`, then choose the `Import` mode.
pt  Selecione `Add taxon` e escolha o modo `Import`.
es  Seleccione `Add taxon` y elija el modo `Import`.
id  Pilih `Add taxon`, lalu pilih mode `Import`.

Do not translate the text inside the backticks. A reader who is looking for a translated button will not find one.

When the same word is used as an ordinary noun rather than as the name of a control, translate it: Site ID stays in English, but "record the site coordinates" becomes "registre as coordenadas do local".

Scientific terms follow the receiving language

Taxonomic ranks, Latin names, and collection vocabulary have established forms in each language. Use them. Leaving class, order, family, and epithet in English inside an Indonesian sentence is not more precise — it is harder to read for the person the translation is for.

Italicize genus and species names in every language, and never translate them.

Standards keep their published names

Darwin Core, dwc:scientificName, dwc:MaterialEntity, dwc:preparations, GBIF, IUCN, CITES, ORCID, UUID, and file formats such as .xlsx, JSON.GZ, and TAR.GZ are proper names. Never translate them, and never translate a dwc: term into a local phrase in running text.

Do not invent a term

If a concept has no settled equivalent, keep the English term in backticks and explain it once in the receiving language. Add the decision to the table below so the next translator makes the same choice.

NAHPU concepts

English	Portuguese (BR)	Spanish	Indonesian
project	projeto	proyecto	proyek
site (the place)	local	sitio	lokasi
`Site` (the record type)	`Site`	`Site`	`Site`
locality	localidade	localidad	lokalitas
location (project scope)	localização	ubicación	wilayah
collecting event	evento de coleta	evento de recolecta	kegiatan pengumpulan
effort	esforço	esfuerzo	upaya
specimen	espécime	espécimen	spesimen
specimen part	parte do espécime	parte del espécimen	bagian spesimen
parasite	parasita	parásito	parasit
host	hospedeiro	hospedador	inang
narrative	narrativa	narrativa	narasi
record	registro	registro	catatan
field (in a form)	campo	campo	kolom
controlled vocabulary	vocabulário controlado	vocabulario controlado	kosakata terkontrol
field ID	ID de campo	ID de campo	ID lapangan
project ID	ID do projeto	ID del proyecto	ID proyek
media	mídia	medios	media
backup	backup	copia de seguridad	cadangan
restore	restauração	restauración	pemulihan
export	exportação	exportación	ekspor
import	importação	importación	impor
preset	predefinição	preajuste	prasetel
template	modelo	plantilla	templat
user configs	configurações de usuário	configuraciones de usuario	konfigurasi pengguna

People and roles

English	Portuguese (BR)	Spanish	Indonesian
personnel	pessoal	personal	personel
cataloger	catalogador	catalogador	pengatalog
collector	coletor	colector	pengumpul
preparator	preparador	preparador	preparator
determiner	determinador	determinador	pengidentifikasi
collecting personnel	pessoal de coleta	personal de recolecta	personel pengumpul

Role names that appear in the personnel form — Cataloger, Determiner only, Preparator only, None — are on-screen names. Keep them in English inside backticks and use the translated word in prose.

Taxonomy

English	Portuguese (BR)	Spanish	Indonesian
taxon / taxa	táxon / táxons	taxón / taxones	takson
taxonomy	taxonomia	taxonomía	taksonomi
taxon rank	categoria taxonômica	categoría taxonómica	tingkat takson
kingdom	reino	reino	kerajaan
phylum	filo	filo	filum
class	classe	clase	kelas
order	ordem	orden	ordo
family	família	familia	famili
genus	gênero	género	genus
species	espécie	especie	spesies
subspecies	subespécie	subespecie	subspesies
specific epithet	epíteto específico	epíteto específico	epitet spesifik
subspecific epithet	epíteto subespecífico	epíteto subespecífico	epitet subspesifik
scientific name	nome científico	nombre científico	nama ilmiah
authorship	autoria	autoría	kepengarangan
common name	nome comum	nombre común	nama umum
identification	identificação	identificación	identifikasi

Collection and curation

English	Portuguese (BR)	Spanish	Indonesian
natural history collection	coleção de história natural	colección de historia natural	koleksi sejarah alam
curation	curadoria	curaduría	kurasi
accession number	número de tombo	número de acceso	nomor akses
catalog number	número de catálogo	número de catálogo	nomor katalog
voucher	testemunho	ejemplar de referencia	spesimen bukti
tissue	tecido	tejido	jaringan
preparation	preparação	preparación	preparasi
tag / label	etiqueta	etiqueta	label
coordinate	coordenada	coordenada	koordinat
habitat	habitat	hábitat	habitat
trap line	linha de armadilhas	línea de trampas	jalur perangkap
pitfall trap	armadilha de queda	trampa de caída	perangkap sumuran
mist net	rede de neblina	red de niebla	jaring kabut

Translation workflow

The steps for producing and reviewing a translation are on the Documentation page.

Every page under a non-English locale shows an AI-assisted translation notice under its title. Adding authors to that page's front matter switches the notice to the reviewed state and names the reviewers:

---
title: "Página traduzida"
authors:
  - Reviewer Name
---

Add authors only after a person has read the translation against the English source and corrected it. Until then, the unreviewed notice is the honest label.